fc

fc [ -e ename ] [ -nlrdDfEim ] [ old=new ... ] [ first [ last ] ]

fc -ARWI [ filename ]

Select a range of commands from first to last from the history list. The arguments first and last may be specified as a number or as a string. A negative number is used as an offset to the current history event number. A string specifies the most recent event beginning with the given string. All substitutions old=new, if any, are then performed on the commands.

Option	Description
`-l`	The resulting commands are listed on standard output.
`-m`	The first argument is taken as a pattern (should be quoted) and only the history events matching this pattern will be shown.
`ename`	The editor program ename is invoked on a file containing these history events. If ename is not given, the value of the parameter `FCEDIT` is used. If ename is not given, editor is invoked. When editing is complete, the edited command is executed.
`-r`	Reverse the order of the commands.
`-n`	Suppresses command numbers when listing.
`-d`	Prints timestamps for each command.
`-f`	Prints full time-date stamps.
`-E`	Causes the dates to be printed as `dd.mm.yyyy`, instead of the default `mm/dd/yyyy`.
`-i`	Causes the dates to be printed in ISO8601 `yyyy-mm-dd` format.
`-D`	`fc` prints elapsed time.

fc -R: Reads the history from the given file.
fc -W: Writes the history out to the given file.
fc -A: Appends the history out to the given file.

If no filename is specified, the $HISTFILE is assumed. If the -I option is added to -R, only those events that are not already contained within the internal history list are added. If the -I option is added to -A or -W, only those events that are new since last incremental append/write to the history file are appended or written. In any case, the created file will have no more than $SAVEHIST entries.

If first is not specified, it will be set to -1 (the most recent event), or to -16 if the -l flag is given. If last is not specified, it will be set to first, or to -1 if the -l flag is given.